[JLPT N3] How to say “not all” かわりに, かろうじて, かえって, or かならずしも?
すべての大学生が、(？)まじめに勉強しているわけではない。
1 かわりに
2 かろうじて
3 かえって
4 かならずしも
Not all university students study seriously.
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Konnichiwa, it’s Chika Sensei.
Today, I’m sharing a practice from my exclusive course. This one’s for intermediate learners (JLPT N3)! Can you answer correctly?
[Practice Question]
すべての大学生が、(____)まじめに勉強しているわけではない。
*すべてのだいがくせいが、(____)まじめにべんきょうしているわけではない。
1 かわりに
2 かろうじて
3 かえって
4 かならずしも
▼
▼
▼
[Answer]
すべての大学生が、(4 かならずしも)まじめに勉強しているわけではない。
Not all university students study seriously.
かならずしも〜ない
“not necessarily” or “not all”
かならずしも〜ない is used to show that something is not always true, even if people might expect it to be. It is always used with a negative form.
Here, the sentence suggests that just because someone is a university student, it doesn’t mean they all study seriously. Some students don’t. It also includes the negative form わけではない, which makes かならずしも the appropriate choice.
Other Choices:
かわりに
= Instead of ~, doing something else
かろうじて
= Barely, just managed to ~
かえって
= On the contrary, unexpectedly
I hope this explanation helps! 😊